Process of producing paper for lithographic prints.



PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906.

L. W. NOYES. PROCESS OF PRODUCING PAPER FOR LITHOGRAPHIG PRINTS.

APPLICATION FILED PEBA, 1904.

ammo c @513 M attomu unrrnn STATES Lewis w. NOYES, or ivinoirnnrosvrpnn, NEW roan. PROCESS or PROUCENG PaPEeFoa LnrHoeaaPeuo Pain-rs.

Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed February 4, 1904. Serial No. 191,927-

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, Lnwrs W. N OYES, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Mechanicsville, in the county of 'Saratoga, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Producing Paper for Lithogra hic Prints, of which the following is a spec' cation. I

This invention has reference to a novel process of coating paper and like materials with enamel.

It consists in a process of sizing the web of paper, drying same, and then coating it during one operation. The sizing may be applied onone or both sides of the web, as desired. The coating-enamel may also be applied on one or both sides. This combined process of sizing, drying, and coating the paper in one operation produces a stiffer, snapier, and more stocky sheet, which is articuarly desirable for lithographhic wor The sizing acts as a binder on the aper and reduces to the minimum the ten one of same to stretch when used for lithograp '0 work.

The importance of this feature cannot be overestimated, as it means a more perfect reglster in the press, and consequently a more perfect result is attained in lithographicwork. The sizing also fills the ores of the paper and acts as a foundation 'or the coating of enamel, producing a more homogeneous surface for the latter. The preliminary sizing of the paper prevents the sizing material contained in the enamel from entering the interior portions of the web, whereby a saving in'the sizing material used in the enamel is effected. The preliminary or auxiliary sizing assists in fastening the enameled coating to the paper and counteractsthe tendency of the coating to come ofi on the plate or stone when a strong ink is used. Hereby a coated paper is produced which withstands any ink and does not necessitate the pressman to of t e enameled stock. Thus-heis enabled ,toproduce a higher effect and when desired a greater contrast in the lights and depths of ture, which is 'a decided'advantage.

Paper sized and coated according to my adapt his inks to conform to the. tenderness in the slightest degree be absorbed by the web of paper, the coating-enamel remaining on the surface. Consequently when calendering the web the maximum finish will be Patented March 27, 1906.

obtained. The filling of the pores of the pa- 6 o per with preliminary or a ary sizing enables the manufacturer to reduce the quantity of coating-enamel to be spread on the surface of the web and at the same time with the reduced quantity of enamel used a aper is produced with a perfect surface for 'thographic or fine tone printing. Furthermore, the reduction in the quantity of enamel used for covering the surface of the web also reduces to a great extent the liability of the surface to lift or pick. the folding uality of they sheet is improved. The sizing of the Web of .aper'before the enamel is a plied materiall y reduces the tendency of t e web to curl on the edges. This was a prolific source of waste in the coating In addition thereto well known to the art may be employed. 7

These usually consist of an aqueous solution of glue or starch, in which may be suspended some filling materialsuch as clay, sulfate of lime, sulfate of barium, preci itated chalk or magnesia, or other suitab e substance. Likewise any. well-known composition for enamel may be used for coating the paper on one or both -sides. Such compositions preferably contain casein, a material for cutting the casein, such as borax, and clay or sulfate of barium. In order'to give the paper the desired finish, a slight quantity'of spermaceti, yellow wax, or paraffin is added.

I am aware of the fact that heretofore paper has been produced with a paraffin or wax coating for wrappin up sugared fruits, candies, and the like. sucharafiin paper the raw material. was sized y glue, which was fixed by formaldehyde, the-paper was then dried and conveyed through a paraflin-bath and dried is obvious that this processproduced a araffin-paper which cannot be, used for 'thographicprints and constitutes a commercial article which may be readily distinguished in the market from the article produced by my novel process-that is, a paper having a suragain. It

by means of which the paper is coated on both sides.

Similar letters of reference denote like parts in all the figures.

In Fig. 1, a represents the web of paper, which runs over the guiding-roller 12 into the sizing-tub c. In. t e sizing tub there is mounted a large roller 12, located partly within the liquid, around which the web of paper passes. Two small rollers b are mounted in the top portion of the tub, so arranged that the web reaches the roller (1 above the liquid.

Its inner surface therefore is pressed close onto the rollerd above the liquid, and consequentl is not coated. Only the outside surface'wi 1 be coated in this instance.

For applying sizing to both sides the ar-- rangement illustrated in Fig. 2 is employed. The web here passes over the guiding-rollers. Between and below same there is the roller (1, which is completely immersed in the sizing liquid. The web before reaching the roller d becomes wet on both sides, and when leaving said roller both sides again become wet.

fllhen leaving the sizing-tub, the web passes through a pair of adjustable squeezing-rollers e e and'then passes onto an endless apron of canvas which runs over a number of guiding-rel ers 9. "Then the web passes over a drum h, a guiding-roller i, guiding-rollers 4, onto the coating apparatus. The apron of cahvas passes over rollers f in the front, whereby it is made. endless. A stretching device f is provided, as shown in Fig. 1.

Around the endless apron I have arranged a blower 7', which is provided with air-outlets These extend across the whole width or",

the machine, so that the passing web afterv having been sized is dried here. The d web passes onto the coating apparatus, whic is arran ed in Fig. 1 to coat paper on one side I rol er 0, the dancin -b rush Ip, brushes q, the gui 'ng-rol e being dried here the web is rolled up into rolls only. Qheweb then passes over the large roller 7c. Below there is a coating-brush Z in contact with a coating-roller m in the tub n, which contains the coating-enamel. pa er thus coated on one side passes the the adjustable r r, and onto a drier. I (Not'shown in the drawings.) "A'fter of any desired size. a

When it is desired to coat the paper on The both sides, then the device illustrated in Fig.

3 is used. The web runs through a coating tubn, provided with two fine brushes 3. As shown, it enters on the side of the tub and passes freely through the coating enamel. When leaving the tub n, the web passes through the adjustable squeezing-rollers e and between sets of brushes and rollers alternately arranged, as shown in Fig. 3. The first set has a cylindrical brush 5 above the web and a roller u beneath same. The next set has a roller a above the web and a cylindrical brush t beneath same. Then the web passes sets of brushes and rollers alternately arranged, as shown. One set has a brush 1) on top and a roller u at the bottom, while the neXt set has a roller u on top and a brush 22 at the bottom. Then the web passes between the sets of brushes 1). Now the .web passes between sets of rollers consisting of large rollers w and small rollers w-. Between the last-named sets of rollers there are arranged on top and bottom hot-air blowers y, which dry the web from both sides. These blowers have longitudinal slots near the web, so that the hot air acts efiectively on same from both sides. The blowers y, as well as all the rollers and brushes, naturally extend across the whole width of the machine.

The web of paper when coated on both sides, as above described and as shown in Fig. 3, has already passed through the sizing device and the blower. (Illustrated in Fig. 1.) Ti the web is to be coated on both sides, then same is not run through the coating devices shown in Fig. 1, but is passed through the device shown in Fig. 3. Thus I am able to size and coat paper by my improvedprocess on one side only, or the paper may be sized on both sides and coated on one side only, or the paper may be sized on one. side and coated on both sides/0r it may be sized and coated on both sides. When the web of paper is sized on both sides,then it is run through a drying device similar tothe one shownin Fig. 3 in stead of being run through the drying device shown in Fig. 1.-

Thus I am ableto produce. a more perfect coated paper-by virtue of my improved procsee of sizing and coating paper during one [continuous operation.

Having thusdescribed my invention, T claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 'Patent- 1-. The, rocess of coating paper to produce a surface 'or lithographic prints consisting in first sizing the web to fill the pores and provide a homogeneous surface, removing the excess of sizing solution, drying the web, then ap lying an enamel coating composed essen- TOG tia ly. oi casein which fastens to the sizing and Web, and finally drying the web after the 1 application of the enamel coating, said severalsteps being successively perfprmed in one continuousoperation 2. The process of coating paper to produce and finally drying the coating-web by means.

a surface for lithographic prints consisting in of hot an. e

l, 10 first applying a preliminary sizing to the web Signed at New York, N. Y., this2d day'of 1 to fill the pores and provide a homogeneous February, 1904. surface, squeezing out the excessof sizing LEWIS W. NOYES. solution, then drying the web, next convey- Witnesses;

ing it through a solution of coating-enamel JAMES. J .ASTARITA,

'containing as an essential ingredient 'casein, HATTIE B. LUEDERS; 

